Harlan Fiske Stone

President Calvin Coolidge was a college friend of Harlan Fiske Stone and appointed him U.S. Attorney General in 1924 before naming him to the Supreme Court the following year. Stone served as chief justice from 1941-1946. As attorney general, Stone reorganized the Federal Bureau of Investigation. On the Supreme Court, Stone often moved away from his normal conservative nature to take a position in favor of civil liberties. In the 1940 case of Minersville School District v. Gobitis, Stone was the lone dissenter and considered saluting the U.S. flag an act of public coercion.