[NOTICE: The information contained herein is based upon various sources. It is an extrapolation of said sources, and is as I know it to be at this time. The information is subject to change as more accurate sources become available to me.]

Birth: Sunday, February 22, 1846, Jamaica, Windham, Vermont, USA

Father: Joshua Underwood (s. of Daniel K. and Mary Elizabeth (Msaon) Underwood), b. 1805 in Rindge, Cheshire, New Hampshire, USA. After being accused of selling real estate that he did not own (i.e. the real estate actually owned by Joshua himself in Mount Tabor, Rutland, Vt.) by the newly elected Judge of Rutland, VT, one Benjamin Cox, Joshua went to prison and served 1yr; until his case, which was among many involving Benjamin Cox’s attempts to gain the best properties around; was reviewed and Joshua’s petition for release was obtained through the Hon. Judge and former State Senator Charles H. Congdon in 1854. Joshua’s farm in Mount Tabor, VT, was never restored to its proper ownership, as it had been parceled-out while he was incarcerated. This made Joshua destitute for quite some time after his release and he would work as a farm laborer on the Congdon family’s farm in Danby, VT. In 1863, he married one Eliza Ann (Nutting) Williams, on Sunday, April 19th. The officiator of the ceremony was none-other than Judge Charles H. Congdon. Both Joshua and Eliza Ann produced a son (named after his older half-brother John Underwood b. 1800-d. 1883, of Stratton, Windham, Vermont s. of Daniel K. & Mary (Mason) Underwood ), in 1864 at Danby, Rutland, Vermont, USA.

Mother: Hannah M. Thompson (d. of Unknown Parents) b. ~1807 either in New Hampshire or Vermont. Not much is known of her beginnings at this time. But sometime after 1853, it may be possible that she and Joshua were divorced. However, no such record can be found. Additionally, there are references to one Melinda Thompson in the Non-population Schedules of the US Census Bureau that say a Melinda Thompson died of consumption about 1870 but, as to whether this is Hannah M. Thompson or not cannot be determined. What is known presently is that her parents are unknown and her whereabouts after 1854 can [not] be determined.

Siblings (Order of Birth): (1) Joseph Daniel Underwood (b. 1836), (2) Abigail Underwood (b. 1838), (3) Pvt. Lorenzo Daniel Underwood (b. Sunday, April 6, 1845-d. Monday, March 14, 1864) [NOTE: Lorenzo’s body was prepared for burial and picked-up at the Morgue of Ft. Slocum, in Washington DC, by friends of the family on Wednesday, March 16th], (5) Elias Daniel Underwood (b. 1849)

Political Affiliation: Republican Party (aka the Grand Old Party or “GOP”)

Religion: Christian

Religious Faith: (Protestant) Congregationalist

Wife: Sophronia A. (Horton) Rhodes (b. Wednesday, July 27, 1853-d. Thursday, May 10, 1917), Wallingford, Rutland, Vermont, USA

Marriage: Saturday, January 18, 1873, Wallingford, Rutland County, Vermont, USA [NOTE: This was Sophronia (Horton) Rhode’s 2nd marriage, as her first husband had died, one James E. Rhodes, III. This union produced one child who was about 4yrs old at the time of Lodwick's marriage to Sophronia, one Albert T. Rhodes (b. 1869-d. 1917). Albert became a machinist/mechanic later on in life, and he practiced that trade until his death. Lodwick raised this boy as his own. The Marriage was conducted by Hon. G.E. Johnson, a Justice-of-the-Peace, in Wallingford, VT. Both Lodwick and Sophronia would enjoy a good life together on the farm, and raise good respectable children, until their deaths.]

Children (In Order of Birth): (1) Edgar Elias Underwood (b. 1873), (2) Franklin Leroy Underwood Sr. (b. 1875-d. 1922), (3) Mary (Underwood) Farr (b. 1878), (4) Martha “Mattie” Jane (Underwood) Buffum (b. 1880-d. 1943), (5) Elwin Underwood (b. 1881), (6) William Henry Underwood (b. 1884-d. 1884), (7) Henrietta Underwood (b. 1885-d. 1885), (8) Emmett Harrison Underwood (b. 1888-d. 1974), (9) Jerusha Underwood (b. 1889).

Skills & Miscellaneous: Won countless national marksmanship competitions, as one of the first original members of the National Rifle Association (NRA), awarded a Sharps rifle by his Regiment inscribed, “In honor of your service and skill, during the War (1875).” This rifle remained in excellent working condition, and was passed-down to my grandfather, Raymond Author Underwood Sr. (b. 1910-d. 1994), and is still (to the best of my knowledge) in the family, today. Additionally, he was an active and “Good Standing” member of the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), right up until his death. He was always thoughtful, kind, considerate, and considered a “Good Man,” by [all] who knew him.

MILITARY SERVICE

Enlistment: Wednesday, August 14, 1861 in Stratton, Windham, VT., at the age of 15yrs [NOTE: Lodwick lied about his age and altered his name many times before his father signed him over to the Union Army.]

Unit: Cos. I & F, 4th Vermont Volunteer Infantry (VVI) Regiment, 1st Vermont Brigade (aka The “Old” Brigade or “The Vermont Brigade”), US Volunteers (USV). It was assigned to 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, IV & VI Corps, Army of the Potomac and Army of the Shenandoah, Department of the Potomac, Union Army.

Reenlistment: Tuesday, December 15, 1863

Promotions: Corporal (Cpl.) on Thursday, January 19, 1865

Transfers: Co. F, 4th Vermont Volunteer Infantry (VVI) Regiment, on Saturday, February 25, 1865.

Medical Matters

Wounds Received:

Monday, May 4, 1863 [NOTE: Severely wounded in the hand during the battle at Bank's Ford, 3-miles from Fredericksburg, VA.]
April 4, 1864
October 19, 1864
April 2, 1865 [NOTE: Left leg almost shot-off from an exploding artilery shell during the breakthrough of the Petersburg Defenses.]

Disability: Loss of left leg, on April 4, 1865 at the Armory Square Hospital, Washington, DC

Discharged: August 11, 1865 at Sloan US General Hospital, Montpelier, Vermont

Disability Pension: $18.00 per month • Land Grant: ~25acres

Fourth Vermont Regimental Timeline

Unit Formation, Equipped, Departures, Arrivals, Movements, and Encampments (1861)

Rendezvoused & Organized, Camp Holbrook, Brattleboro, Windham, VT (Thursday, September 12-Saturday, September 14)
Mustered Into Federal Service, Camp Holbrook, Brattleboro, Windham, VT (Saturday, September 21)
Marched through town twice before boarding the train, Brattleboro, Windham, VT (Saturday, September 21)
Boarded the train at Brattleboro Station, Brattleboro, Windham, VT (~8:00PM Saturday, September 21)
Arrived in Stonington, New London, CT (Saturday, September 21)
Boarded a steamer for Jersey City, NJ (Sunday, September 22)
Arrived in Philadelphia, PA (5:00PM Monday, September 23)
Left Philadelphia, PA (~11:00PM Monday, September 23)
Arrived at “Soldier’s Rest”, Washington, DC (Monday, September 23)
Encamped on the East steps of Federal Hill (aka Capitol Hill), Washington, DC (Tuesday, September 24)
On Duty at Camp Advance around Fort Smith, near Lewinsville, VA (
On Duty at the Chain Bridge around Fort Smith, near Lewinsville, VA (
Reconnaissance to Vienna, VA (Saturday, October 19)
On Duty at Camp Griffin, Defenses of Washington, DC (October 1861-Monday, March 10, 1862)

Battle Honors

McClellan’s Peninsula Campaign (March 10-July 16, 1862)

Movement to Alexandria, VA (Monday, March 10)
Moved to Fortress Monroe (Sunday, March 23-Monday, March 24)
Embarked on the NY Steamer “SS ‘C. Vanderbilt,’ ” at Alexandria, VA (Monday, March 24)
Anchored in the Chesapeake Bay during the night at George Washington’s property of Mount Vernon sometime after midnight (Tuesday, March 25)
Arrived at the wharf of Fort Monroe on Old Cape Comfort, VA and disembarked the SS Vanderbilt (6:00PM Tuesday, March 25)
Left Fort Monroe (12:00PM Wednesday, March 26)
Moved through the town of Hampton, VA on the James River (Wednesday, March 26)
Reconnaissance to Big Bethel, VA (Thursday, March 27-Friday, March 28)
Reconnaissance to Warwick, VA (Sunday, March 30)
Skirmish at Young’s Mills, VA (Friday, April 4)

Siege of Yorktown, Yorktown, VA (April 5-May 4)

Reconnaissance to Lee’s Mills, VA (Saturday, April 5)
Battle of Warwick Court House, VA (Sunday, April 6)
Battle of Lee’s Mills, Lee’s Mills, VA (Wednesday, April 16) [NOTE: This was the first assault of the war in the Eastern Theater on a fortified position, and the 4th Vermont Infantry attacked and demonstrated at Dam No.1, around ~4:00PM, under fire. This was done in conjunction with the assault made by the 6thVermont Infantry, as the sharpshooters of the 4th’s Co. "I" covered that assault.]
Battle of Williamsburg, Williamsburg, VA (Monday, May 5) [NOTE: The 4th Regiment was held in reserve at the Headquarters of BGen. William T.H. Brooks, while Company I, 4th Vermont Infantry was charge with the retrieval of the wounded and burial of the dead.]

The Seven Days Battle (June 25-July 1)

Battle of Fair Oaks (aka Seven Pines), Fair Oaks Station, VA., (Thursday, June 26)
Battle at Garnett’s Farm, near Savage’s Station, VA., (Friday, June 27)
Battle at Golding’s Farm, near Savage’s Station, VA (Saturday, 28)
Battle at Savage’s Station, Savage’s Station, VA (Sunday, June 29)
Battle of White Oak Swamp, at White Oak Swamp Bridge, White Oak Swamp, VA (Monday, June 30)
Battle of Malvern Hill, VA (Sunday, July 1)
Duty at Harrison’s Landing, VA (Sunday, July 1-Saturday, August 16)

McClellan’s Maryland Campaign (September 4-September 20, 1862)

Battle of South Mountain, at Crampton’s Gap, Burkittsville, MD (Sunday, September 14)
Battle of Antietam Creek, Sharpsburg, MD (Wednesday, September 17)
Duty at Hagerstown, MD (Friday, September 26-Wednesday, October 29)

Burnside’s Winter Campaign (1862)

1st Battle of Fredericksburg, Fredericksburg, VA (Thursday, December 11-Monday, December 15)
Burnside's “The Mud March” (January 20, 1863)

Hooker’s Chancellorsville Campaign (April 30-May 6, 1863)

Battle of Chancellorsville, Chancellorsville, VA (Thursday, April 30-Wednesday, May 6)
2nd Battle of Fredericksburg, Fredericksburg, VA (Sunday, May 3)
Battle of Marye’s Heights at Lee’s Hill (formerly known as Telegraph Hill), Fredericksburg, VA (Sunday, May 3)
Battle of Salem Church, Fredericksburg, VA (Monday, May 4)
Operations at Bank's Ford, Fredericksburg, VA (Monday, May 4)

The Gettysburg Campaign (June 3-July 14, 1863)

Battle of Franklin’s Crossing, Fredericksburg, VA (Friday, June 5-Saturday, June 6)
Battle of Gettysburg, Gettysburg, PA (Wednesday, July 1-Saturday, July 4) [NOTE: taken prisoner by skirmishers of the 1st Texas Regiment, of Gen. Hood’s Division, along with a Sgt. Leblen Green, Co. H, 1st Vermont Cavalry around Big Round Top/Devil’s Den area. He showed-up among POWs, at Camp Parole, Annapolis, MD; where he was “Paroled and Exchanged” about 30-days later. According to Gen. Lewis Addison Grant’s “After Action Report,” the 4th Vermont Infantry were posted as skirmishers and pickets, during Farnsworth’s Raid of Friday, July 3-Saturday, July 4.]
Battle of Funkstown, Funkstown, PA (Friday, July 10) The Draft Riots of 1863

New York City Draft Riots, New York, NY (Monday, July 13-Thursday, July 16)

Meade’s Bristoe Campaign (October 13-November 7, 1863)

2nd Battle of Rappahannock Station, Rappahannock Station, VA (Tuesday, November 7)

Meade’s Mine Run Campaign (November 7-December 2, 1863)

Grant’s Overland Campaign (May-June 1864)

Battle of the Wilderness, Wilderness, VA (Thursday, May 5-Tuesday, May 10)
Battle of Spottsylvania, Spottsylvania, VA (Tuesday, May 10-Wednesday, May 18)
Assault on the Mule Shoe Salient (aka the “Bloody Angle”), Spottsylvania, VA (Thursday, May 12)
Battle of Cold Harbor, Cold Harbor, VA (Wednesday, June 1-Sunday, June 12)

Before Petersburg (1864)

1st Battle of Petersburg, Petersburg, VA (Saturday, June 18)
Battle at Weldon Railroad, Petersburg, VA (Tuesday, June 21-Thursday, June 23)
Battle of Monocacy, Monocacy Junction, VA (Saturday, July 9)

Sheridan’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign (August 7-November 28)

Battle of Charlestown, Charlestown, WV (Sunday, August 21)
Battle of the Opequan, Gilbert’s Ford, VA (Tuesday, September 13)
Battle of Winchester, Opequan Creek, VA (Monday, September 19)
Battle of Fisher’s Hill, Fisher’s Hill, VA (Wednesday, September 21)
Battle of Mount Jackson, VA (Saturday, September 24)
Battle of Cedar Creek, Cedar Creek, VA (Wednesday, October 19)

The Siege of Petersburg (1865)

Duty at Fort Fisher, Petersburg, VA (Saturday, March 25, 1865)
2nd Battle of Petersburg, Petersburg, VA (Saturday, March 25)
3rd Battle of Petersburg, Petersburg, VA (Sunday, April 2) [NOTE: Lodwick lost his left leg, as a result of an exploding cannon shell in the trench where was sniping the enemy. He was taken from the battlefield, when it was safe to remove him after the city surrendered, and was transported to City Point, VA; where he was placed on a steamer bound for Washington, DC. He would be admitted into the Armory Square Hospital, where his leg would be amputated, on about April 4th. By April 30th, he transported by steamer to New York City for 2-weeks, awaiting transport by train to the Sloan US Army General Hospital, at Montpelier, VT. He would later be discharged from that place, on about August 18, 1865; and sent to Mount Tabor, VT to recover from the amputation in the home of relatives--never to leave Vermont again.]

The Appomattox Campaign (1865)

Battle of Little Saylor’s Creek, Saylor’s Creek, VA (Thursday, April 6)
Battle of Appomattox Court House, Appomattox, VA (Sunday, April 9)
Lee’s Surrender at Appomattox, Appomattox, VA (4:00PM, Sunday, April 9)

OBITUARY

Newspaper: Rutland Daily Herald, Tuesday, October 1, 1923

Death: Saturday, September 28, 1923; Wallingford, Rutland County, Vermont, United States

Wallingford—Lodwick “Ludwig” D. Underwood died at his home on Church Street Saturday morning at 8 o’clock after a week’s illness, at the age of 77 years. Mr. Underwood was a Civil War veteran, having served as corporal in Co. F., 4th Vermont. He is survived by four children, Mrs. Mary Farr of Perkinsville, Edgar of Peterboro, N.H., Mrs. Mattie Buffum of this place and Emmett of Springfield, and several grandchildren. The funeral will be held this afternoon in the Congregational Church at 2:30 o’clock. Members of Kearney W.R.C.*** will meet at the church at 2:15 to attend the service.

Burial: Green Hill Cemetery on the east side of S. Main Street (US7), in Wallingford, Rutland County, Vermont, United States. The grave-site is on Patriot’s Hill, Plot #14.

***Kearney W.R.C.: Kearney is the Post Name of one of the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) Posts in Vermont that Lodwick was a member of. The initials W.R.C. stand for the “Women’s Relief Corps” of that particular GAR Post.

Lodwick Daniel Underwood