The Army in 1993 ordered a study to determine whether racial bias played a part in who received the honor (Medal of Honor). The report found there was bias and recommended 10 soldiers for the medal. Congress approved seven, and President Bill Clinton finally awarded the men their medals in 1997. Only one was still alive at the time. Congress directed the Army in 1996 to review all Asian American and Pacific Islands servicemen who were awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in World War II "to determine whether any such award should be upgraded to the Medal of Honor." A total of 22 were upgraded, and the medals were bestowed in 2000. Two other Asian Americans, Sgt. Jose Calugas of the Philippine Scouts and Pfc. Sadao Munemori of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, did receive Medals of Honor for actions during World War II prior to the review. "These quiet men, small in stature, performed unbelievable acts of bravery; they were tigers in battle," Army Chief of Staff Gen. Eric K. Shinseki said at the time. -The Santa Fe New Mexican 13 July 2011